Which of the following is a prodrug among the listed antiplatelet agents?

The correct identification of clopidogrel as a prodrug relies on understanding the mechanism of action surrounding antiplatelet agents. A prodrug is a medication that is administered in an inactive form and requires metabolic conversion within the body to become active.

Clopidogrel itself is initially inactive and must undergo biotransformation primarily in the liver. This transformation involves the action of cytochrome P450 enzymes, which convert it into its active metabolite. Once activated, this metabolite effectively inhibits the P2Y12 receptor on platelets, thereby preventing platelet aggregation and reducing the risk of thrombotic events.

In contrast, prasugrel, while also a prodrug, is not the answer in this context due to the specific reference of clopidogrel. Ticagrelor, on the other hand, is not a prodrug; it is active when administered, functioning directly to inhibit the P2Y12 receptor without requiring metabolic activation. Cangrelor is an intravenous antiplatelet agent that is already active and does not require conversion, further distinguishing it from prodrugs.

Understanding these distinctions is critical for healthcare professionals when choosing the appropriate antiplatelet therapy based on the specific pharmacologic properties of each medication.