Which two receptors are activated by ADP in the platelet activation process?

In the platelet activation process, ADP plays a crucial role by interacting with specific purinergic receptors on the platelet surface. Among these, P2Y1 and P2Y12 are particularly important for mediating the effects of ADP.

P2Y1 receptors are G-protein-coupled receptors that, upon activation by ADP, lead to calcium mobilization and shape change in platelets. This initiates the first wave of platelet activation, contributing to the aggregation process.

P2Y12 receptors, also G-protein-coupled, have a different function. They are vital for amplifying the platelet activation signal. When activated by ADP, P2Y12 helps to further enhance platelet aggregation by promoting fibrinogen binding to activated platelets and sustaining aggregation after initial activation.

Both P2Y1 and P2Y12 work synergistically in response to ADP to ensure effective platelet activation and aggregation, which is a key part of the hemostatic response to vascular injury. Thus, the activation of both these receptors by ADP is essential in the process of thrombus formation and plays a significant role in maintaining hemostasis.